São Raimundo Nonato (Serra da Capivara)

São Raimundo Nonato needs 2 days: touring Serra da Capivara National Park, with over a thousand archaeological sites of rock paintings up to 25,000 years old -among the oldest in the Americas-, on one, and visiting the Museu do Homem Americano, on the other. May-September brings the driest weather for walking among the canyons. It's inexpensive by Brazilian standards. Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991, the park reshaped much of the academic debate over when humans first arrived in the Americas, with dating that some researchers place well ahead of the classic Bering Strait crossing theory.